The decoration combines traditional Christian iconography with the ornate swirling motifs typical of Insular art. The illustrations and ornamentation of the Book of Kells surpass those of other Insular Gospel books in extravagance and complexity. The manuscript takes its name from the Abbey of Kells, County Meath, which was its home for centuries. It is regarded as a masterwork of Western calligraphy and the pinnacle of Insular illumination. The text of the Gospels is largely drawn from the Vulgate, although it also includes several passages drawn from the earlier versions of the Bible known as the Vetus Latina. It is believed to have been created c. 800 AD. It was created in a Columban monastery in either Ireland, Scotland or England, and may have had contributions from various Columban institutions from each of these areas. , sometimes known as the Book of Columba) is an illuminated manuscript Gospel book in Latin, containing the four Gospels of the New Testament together with various prefatory texts and tables. The Book of Kells ( Latin: Codex Cenannensis Irish: Leabhar Cheanannais Dublin, Trinity College Library, MS A. Moreover, if it had been borrowed, the manuscript should have gone to the safe of the bank that made the loan until the amount was returned, the library employees argued.Īlong with the Codex, the Batthyaneum houses the most valuable collection of Western medieval manuscripts in Romania, as well as the largest collection of incunabula.Columban monasteries in Ireland, Scotland & England If there was an evaluation, either the evaluators would have to come here, or the manuscript would have to leave to be evaluated. Thus, a serious archive documentation was made and there is no such document anywhere, which certifies, for example, an evaluation of a foreign bank. Also, that there is no document attesting to the fact that the manuscript constituted a bank guarantee for foreign loans. The specialists explained that there was no question that this manuscript had been removed since 1999 (when it was exhibited in Germany – n.r.) from here. The representatives of the library dismantled these myths a few years ago. Over time, various information has been circulated in the public space about the Codex Aureus, namely, that it is no longer in the country or that during the communist regime it was used as a guarantee for a loan of 10 billion of dollars. The manuscript is stored in the room called the Treasury, in fact an armored room, being kept under special conditions and periodically checked from the point of view of its preservation. In the middle of the 18th century, the first part of the manuscript belonged to the library of the archbishop of Vienna, Christoforo Migazzi, from where, by purchase, in 1782, it became the property of bishop Batthyany and thus arrived at Alba Iulia. One of the covers is also in Rome, the second one is in a museum in London. The other half, the Gospels according to Luke and John, are in the Vatican. It is not known when and how the Carolingian manuscript was opened in two. Moreover, it can also be “browsed” digitally here. The manuscript written entirely in gold ink is also famous for the exceptional quality of the ornamentation: 202 pages decorated with polychrome friezes, 12 pages of illustrated biblical canons, 3 full-page paintings, two of which represent the portraits of the evangelists Matthew and Mark, an illuminated frontispiece and two other pages with ornamental writing, as we learn from the presentation made on the website of the National Library of Romania. The Codex Aureus or the Lorch Gospel is half of a Latin Tetragrammaton on parchment, commissioned by Charlemagne, probably at the Schola Palatina in Aachen, in the year 810. Generically known as the Codex Aureus, being written in gold ink, the manuscript appears over time in the inventory under five or six different names, hence the speculation that it was not classified. “We are very happy to tell you that today, May 18, the most famous and important medieval manuscript located in Romania, currently at our branch in Alba Iulia, the Batthyaneum Library, was entered on the UNESCO list and is thus part of the ‘Memory of the World‘”, the representatives of the National Library of Romania sent on the Facebook page.Įarly this month, the manager of the National Library of Romania, Adrian Cioroianu, stated, in Alba Iulia, that he hopes to announce, “not very late this year”, the entry of the over 1,200-year-old manuscript into the UNESCO Heritage List year old. The Codex Aureus, the most famous and important illuminated medieval western manuscript in a collection in Romania, at the Batthyaneum Library in Alba Iulia, entered the UNESCO List, the National Library of Romania announced on Thursday evening.
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