yes yes User concepts Access control fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard no More information provided by the system vendor NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java no Triggers yes yes Partitioning methods Methods for storing different data on different nodes tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning) sharding through federation none Replication methods Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition none MapReduce Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods no no Consistency concepts Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system Immediate Consistency Foreign keys Referential integrity yes yes Transaction concepts Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data ACID ACID Concurrency Support for concurrent manipulation of data yes yes via file-system locks Durability Support for making data persistent yes yes In-memory capabilities Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only. Tcl Server-side scripts Stored procedures Transact SQL. ODBC inofficial driver Supported programming languages C# Tabular Data Stream (TDS) ADO.NET inofficial driver yes no Secondary indexes yes yes SQL Support of SQL yes yes SQL-92 is not fully supported APIs and other access methods ADO.NET support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT. XML support Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. Windows server-less Data scheme yes yes dynamic column types Typing predefined data types such as float or date yes yes not rigid because of 'dynamic typing' concept. ![]() Implementation language C++ C Server operating systems Linux Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed. Spatial DBMS DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems Trend Chart Score 921.60 Rank #3 Overall #3 Relational DBMS Score 130.20 Rank #10 Overall #7 Relational DBMS Website Technical documentation /en-US/sql/sql-server Developer Microsoft Dwayne Richard Hipp Initial release 1989 2000 Current release SQL Server 2022, November 2022 3.42.0 (), May 2023 License Commercial or Open Source commercial restricted free version is available Open Source Public Domain Cloud-based only Only available as a cloud service no no DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) Database as a Service Editorial information provided by DB-Engines Name Microsoft SQL Server X exclude from comparison SQLite X exclude from comparison Description Microsofts flagship relational DBMS Widely used embeddable, in-process RDBMS Primary database model Relational DBMS Relational DBMS Secondary database models Document store Our visitors often compare Microsoft SQL Server and SQLite with MySQL, PostgreSQL and MariaDB. Please select another system to include it in the comparison. ![]() SQLite System Properties Comparison Microsoft SQL Server vs.
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